This paper discusses the contactless palm vein authentication device that uses blood vessel patterns a personal identifying factor. The vein information is hard to duplicate since veins are internal to the human body. The palm vein authentication tec

The aim of the feature extraction stage is pixel characterization by means of a feature vector, a pixel representation in terms of some quantifiable measurements which may be easily used in the classification stage to decide whether pixels belong to

The Segmentation of code for retinal blood vessel segmentation.

This paper presents an automated blood vessel detection method the fundus image. The method first performs some basic image preprocessing tasks on the gray-scale of the retinal image. The blood vessels are highlighted using by using contrast enhancem